Fifth-wheel coupling

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The fifth wheellink provides links between semi-trailers and towing trucks, leading tractor units, trailers or dolls. Some camper trailers use a fifth-wheel configuration, requiring couplings to be mounted on the bed of pickup trucks as towing vehicles, and "fifth wheel" since it is sometimes used as a synonym for camping like in North America. The coupling consists of 2-or- 3 ¹/₂ -inch-diameter (50,8 or 88.9 mm) vertical steel pins protruding from the bottom of the front of the semi-trailer, and a horseshoe-shaped coupling device called the fifth wheel behind the towing vehicle.

When the truck is connected rotates, the downward facing surface of the semi-trailer (with the middle kingpin) rotates against the upward-facing surface of the fixed fifth wheel, which does not rotate. To reduce friction, grease is applied to the surface of the fifth wheel. This configuration is sometimes called turntable in Australia and New Zealand, especially if it is a rotating ball-race-bearing type.

The advantage of this type of coupling is the stability of the crane.

Video Fifth-wheel coupling

Origin

The term fifth wheel is derived from a similar clutch used on hopper and four-wheeled carriages. The device allows the front axle assembly to rotate in the horizontal plane, for easy lathe. Basically the wheel is placed in the rear section of the truck, which then has only four wheels; The wheel that is placed on the frame is the "fifth wheel", hence its name. The trailer needs to be raised so that the trailer pin can fall into the fifth wheel hole.

The fifth wheel was not originally a complete circle and was forged by hand. When the mass production of buggy parts began in the early 19th century, the fifth wheel was one of the first products to be made. There are a number of patents awarded for the design of the fifth wheel. Edward and Charles Everett, Quincy, Illinois patented the fifth-wheel type in 1850, followed by Gutches metal block head and fifth wheel in 1870 and the fifth wheel of Wilcox in 1905.

The invention of the fifth wheel for a motorized truck is often credited to US inventor Charles H. Martin of Martin Rocking Fifth Wheel Co. who invented the device in 1915. It was filed for a patent in 1915, and was completed in 1916. Herman Farr invented it, and Martin connected with him and be assigned. When they formed the Martin Fifth Wheel company, Martin was president and Farr was appointed secretary. The fifth wheel is the discovery of Farr. Martin used it. "It's a fair question whether you can really consider the fifth wheel as a separate milestone from the semi-trailer.However, the purpose of the fifth wheel is to connect the tractor and trailer; indeed, the trailer existed before Charles H. Martin introduced the Martin Rocking Fifth Wheel in 1915. At that time, the fifth wheel was literally a wheel that moved with the trailer - unlike the current technology that secures the kingpin What makes the fifth wheel so important is the ability it gives to fleet owners to easily install large trailers for tractors and the safe and freedom it provides to replace the trailer.Without the fifth wheel, the modern distribution system will look very different because the drop-and-hook will not be easy.Ã¢ â‚¬ The semi-trailer increases the truck's capacity, but it is the fifth wheel which brings flexibility for the driver to keep moving while the receiver unloads the bar u they send. "

The Fruehauf Trailer Corporation helped make Martin Rocking 5th Wheel a success by installing it on a popular new semi-trailer design. August Fruehauf invented a semi trailer in 1914 with their own fifth wheelblock. They adopted the Martin Rocking 5th wheel in 1916. In 1916 Fruehauf produced a semi trailer together with Federal Truck. The two Detroit companies also contracted with the military in World War I to send supply convoys, men and equipment from Detroit to the Norfolk, Virginia shipyard for a trip ahead in Europe.

Fruehauf's success with semi-trailer sales exceeded million-dollar sales figures in 1920. Opened a branch in Chicago and then on their Des Moines trailer and therefore, the Martin Rocking 5th Wheel became the best-selling commercial vehicle of this era. The Fruehauf slogan, "A Horse can pull more than can carry, as well as a truck" into their advertising slogan. Merchants, manufacturers and businesses in every industry are shouting for the semi-trailer and space shuttle concept introduced by Fruehauf using one tractor truck and 2 or more semi-trailers.

Fruehauf used the Martin Rocking 5th Wheel until at least 1919. Earlier that year, the manual coupler was introduced into the industry by Fruehauf and the jack acting as a front support for the semi-trailer was replaced by a wheel, lifted and lowered manually. In 1926, Fruehauf introduced an automatic semi-trailer in which the clutch and tractor discharges were mechanically resolved by the tractor movement. Fruehauf's introduction of automatic semi-trailer is instantly recognized by transportation experts as a major contribution to the industry.

Fruehauf patented semi-trailer clutch dominated the semi-trailer market until the Fruehauf Trailer Corporation asset was sold in bankruptcy to Wabash National in 1997.

The next documentation for the fifth patent is the patent number 2,053,812 issued to Charles E. Bradshaw of Wellville, Virginia, filed on March 18, 1936 and granted on 8 September 1936. A third of the patent was awarded to Charles Martin, also of Wellville.

The fifth wheel of the day allows the trailer to slide into the fifth wheel and lock into it, and is a very reliable unit when properly treated and repaired. The engagement of the pin king to the fifth wheel locking mechanism is the only means of connection between the tractor and the trailer; no other security device or mechanism is used. Coupler and pintle hooks use safety chains during trailer separation while walking down the street. The trailer connection to the trailer can also be done using the fifth wheel.

Fifth-wheel coupling

Sabtu, 14 Juli 2018