Brake lining

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The brake linings are the consumption surfaces in the brake system, such as drum brakes and disc brakes used in transport vehicles.

Video Brake lining

Histori

Bride lining was created by Bertha Benz (Karl Benz's wife who invented the first patented car) during his first historic long-distance car journey in the world in August 1888. The first asbestos brake lining was developed in 1908 by Herbert Frood. Although Frood was the first to implement the use of asbestos brake lining, the heat dissipation properties of the fiber were tested by various scientists, including the renowned chemist Dr Gwilym Price, who carried out most of his research and testing from Cambridge, the United Kingdom and Cambridge-funded institutions.

Maps Brake lining

Structure and function

Brake lining coatings composed of relatively soft but strong and heat resistant materials with high dynamic coefficient of friction (and ideally identical static friction coefficients) are usually attached to solid metal support using adhesives or high temperature spikes. Complete assembly (including lining and base) is often called brake pads or brake shoes. The dynamic friction coefficient "Ã,Âμ" for most standard brake pads is usually in the range of 0.35 to 0.42. This means that the Newton 1000 force on the pad will give the brake force produced close to 400 Newtons. There are some racers that have very high Ã,Âμ 0.55-0.62 with excellent high temperature behavior. These bearings have a high iron content and will usually outperform other bearings used with iron discs. Unfortunately nothing is free, and this high cushion is fast and also lowers the discs at a rather fast rate. However they are a very cost effective alternative to more exotic/expensive materials.

Using a bicycle brake for example, the backing is a metal shell that provides mechanical support, and the lining will be the rubber part that contacts the wheel when the brake is applied. In most modern vehicle applications, the system is conceptually identical, except that the rim will be replaced with a solid steel plate (or sometimes an exotic metal). Furthermore, metal pliers are usually inserted into the pad assembly. Tang contacts the rotor when the coating is worn, causing annoying noise designed to alert the rider that service brakes are required.

Since the coating is part of the braking system that converts the kinetic energy of the vehicle into heat, the coating must be able to survive at high temperatures without excessive wear (leading to frequent replacement) or outgassing (which causes the brakes to fade stop power brake).

Because of its efficacy, chrysotile asbestos is often a component in brake linings. However, studies such as the 1989 National Institutes of Health items show an unusually high brake mechanical proportion suffered by pleural mesothelioma and peritoneum, both of which are associated with exposure to chrysotile and asbestos. Public health authorities generally recommend not to inhale brake dust, chrysotile has been banned in many developed countries, such as Australia by the end of 2003, and chrysotile has been increasingly replaced in most of the brake linings and pads by other fibers such as synthetic aramid.

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Maintenance

When the coating is worn, the backing or rivet will contact the rotor or drum during braking, often causing damage requiring re-machining or replacing the drum or rotor. An annoying scream caused by warning pliers is a typical warning that the pads need to be replaced; if the scream is ignored for too long, the drum or rotor damage (usually accompanied by an unpleasant sound or milling sensation) will be a typical outcome.

The coating is also contaminated by oil or leaking brake fluid. The typical symptoms are brake chats, in which the pads vibrate as the layer catches and releases the rotor surface. The solution is to fix the source of contamination and replace the damaged bearing.

In the automotive repair industry, many consumers buy brake pads with lifetime warranty. These bearings use layers much harder than traditional brake pads and tend to cause excessive wear from rotor or drums that are much more expensive. For that reason, the consumer must ensure that the newly installed brake pads are specified or supplied by the vehicle manufacturer. Brake pad brakes are usually inexpensive and acceptable, with new upholstery attached to repaired repair assemblies (cleaned, inspected and painted).

The brake pads should always be replaced simultaneously on both ends of the vehicle shaft, since the thickness of different layers (and possibly the type of material) will cause uneven braking, making the vehicle pull toward the more effective brakes. For most vehicles, replacing bearings (and therefore coatings) is very easy, requiring minimum tools and timing - coatings are designed to be consumable and therefore easy to service.

The brake lining can also be found everywhere there is a braking system, from the elevator safety brake to the spindle brake inside the VCR. The form and the material are often different, but the principle is the same.

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Cataloging

There are different systems for brake lining catalogs. The most commonly used system in Europe is the WVA numbering system.

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References

Source of the article : Wikipedia