The White House of China refers to the various patterns of porcelain used to serve and eat food in the White House, home of the president of the United States. Various porcelain services have been ordered and used by various presidential administrations. The White House Collection of China is housed in the White House of China Chamber. Not all administrations create their own services, but part of all porcelain services made to the White House are now in the China Chamber's collection. Some older porcelain services are used for small private dinners in the Presidential Dining Room on the Second Floor.
Video White House china
Layanan porselen Gedung Putih
Layanan Monroe
In 1817 in Paris, Dagoty-Honorà © à © produced porcelain articles from James Monroe, the first white house in China solely for presidential use, and tailored specifically to an American president. Dinner service with thirty suitable place settings and dessert service is purchased for US $ 1,167,23. A Napoleonic eagle was in the center of the slab, which was popular at that time in France and America. The eagle carries a red, white, and blue banner that reads "E Pluribus Unum", the national motto. There are five sketches inside a dark red border, representing agriculture, power, commerce, science, and art. China was criticized by the press at the time because of foreign goods. Although Congress soon passed a law requiring all the furniture for the White House to be made in America, when it came to Chinese manufacturing, it would take the country nearly a hundred years to compete with the fine works produced in England and France.
Polk Service
The White House needed new Chinese services at the time Polks took shelter in 1845. The same company that produced the Monroe Chinese service, Dagoty-Honorà © Å © of Paris, made their country dinner service. Dinner and dessert service was booked in 1846; 400 pieces cost US $ 979.40. Services include a plain white design and gold trim, which makes it a popular service with later administration. The simplicity of porcelain makes it suitable to mix with other services that are thinning when the opportunity arises. The dessert service, instead of plain, features soft green borders and polychrome flowers.
Lincoln Services
The Lincoln china is the first service that is fully chosen by the First Lady. Mary Todd Lincoln felt that it was important to maintain a proper appearance in the White House so that strangers would regard America as strong and her husband's government as a control. As a result, the Lincoln administration (1861-1865) was socially active in the midst of the Civil War. Mrs. Lincoln personally chose porcelain with a purple-red border called "Solferino", later known as the "Royal Purple" set, in 1861 from E. V. Haughwout and Company in New York City. This service has been produced by Haviland and Company in Limoges, France. American bald Eagle is above the shield with a national motto scattered all over the clouds. The United States emblem is centered on the service.
Hayes Service
The order of the Hayes Chinese service came about by chance. First Lady Lucy Hayes meets the artist Theodore R. Davis. While in the White House Conservatory with Mrs. Hayes, Davis suggested that china included flora and fauna from North America as an ornament. Davis produced 130 designs for Ny. Hayes, many unique ones. The order is $ 3,120. It was first used at dinner for President James A. Garfield and his family. Service design is well liked by the public and reproduced, though critics are less than satisfied.
Harrison's service
First Lady Caroline Harrison wants a new China that will be "symbolic and meaningful to Americans." An artist himself, the first woman to place the United States Symbol in the center of the plate, and design gold and corn motifs that digokkan golden around a wide blue ribbon. Corn represents the state of Mrs. Harrison in Indiana. 44 stars, one for each state in the Union at the time, forming a deep border. Mrs. Harrison directs the White House's massive renovation efforts, and adds porcelain cabinets to display all presidential ceramic services. Caroline Harrison could not use the porcelain she ordered, when she died before being sent to the White House. China arrived in December 1892.
Theodore Roosevelt Service
Extensive White House renovations were carried out in the early 1900s, in which the State Dining Room was enlarged to accommodate over 100 guests. A new set of ceramics is needed because of the expanded room size. First Lady Edith Roosevelt ordered 1,320 Wedgwood wedges. The white china and highlighted the Great Seal of the United States. Mrs. Roosevelt expanded Mrs. Harrison to collect porcelain from the previous administration and put it in a specially made cabinet on the ground floor of the White House.
Wilson Services
The Wilsons entered the White House in 1913, and by that time, the most recently ordered porcelain was from Theodore Roosevelt presidency, more than ten years earlier. In 1918, new porcelain items were needed. First Lady Edith Wilson prefers ordering American-made porcelain, and chooses Lenox after seeing a sample at the Washington, D.C store. The Wilson pattern was designed by Lenox's main designer, Frank Holmes, who chose a controlled theme. The porcelain features an ivory border that surrounds the lighter ivory body and two tangled gold bands adorned with stars, lines, and other motifs. The dinner plate had a blue border. Each of the 1,700 pieces has a presidential seal in an elevated gold. It was the first presidential ceramic featuring the seals of the presidential seal, not the Great Seal of the United States arm. The first delivery of the porcelain was delivered to the White House between August and November 1918. A New York newspaper wrote, "The day of pride has arrived when the White House's office was designed by an American artist, made in an American pottery... and decorated by workers America. "The china is still used for Warren Harding, Calvin Coolidge, and the administration of Herbert Hoover.
Franklin Roosevelt Service
In 1933, Wilson's ministry had been depleted. First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt promotes new porcelain during this difficult economic time to keep American workers working. Roosevelts ordered Lenox's gold through a New York shop in October 1934. The pattern includes the border of 48 gold stars - one for each state - and the presidential emblem in enamel colors on the ivory body. The stars were attacked with a navy blue band, private to Roosevelts due to the president's interest in maritime subjects, and equipped with deep ribbons of rose and golden fur. It is reminiscent of the Roosevelt family emblem. Lenox worked overtime so that 1722 Chinese pieces would be completed on time for an important state dinner in January 1935. For the first time in White House history, every guest eats from one service.
Truman Service
As a result of the White House renovation from 1948-1952, the colors of the State Dining Room were changed, and the Trumans wanted a new porcelain service to match the soft green color of the celadon. The Trumans people ordered 1,572 pieces of Lenox steel in 1951. The pattern includes the green celadon border flanked by an engraved gold ribbon and twenty-four carat gold rim on the ivory body. These include the gold presidential seal, surrounded by 48 gold stars. After the end of World War II, Harry Truman had issued an executive order in 1945 to standardize the seal; He had the head of an eagle facing the olive branch, representing peace, instead of the arrow, representing war. China adheres to Truman's orders. This service was first used on April 3, 1952, during lunch for the Dutch royal family.
Eisenhower service
In Eisenhower's years, Truman's porcelain was still in good supply. To complement Truman's dinner plate service, First Lady Mamie Eisenhower ordered 120 serving dishes. Plates ordered from Castleton China, Inc. New Castle, Pennsylvania at a cost of $ 3,606.40. The platters are white, though the rim is coated with a pure gold medal, which requires eight separate firings in the kiln.
Johnson Services
In 1966, three years into Johnson's presidency, it was determined that new China was needed to replace the longer service. On November 8, 1967, new porcelain orders were announced; This service will serve 140 guests at a cost of $ 80,028.24. Johnson's services are the first ones not to be purchased with appropriate government funds; anonymous donors through the White House Historical Association fund the Chinese project. First Lady Lady Bird works very closely with the designer, Tiffany and the New York City Company, and the porcelain is manufactured by Castleton China, Inc. Mrs Johnson integrates her main cause as the first woman - beauty - with porcelain design. The Chinese pieces feature the first eagle designed for Chinese Monroe, and the border plate is adorned with over forty different wildflowers found throughout the United States depicted on different plates. The dessert plate is made featuring state flowers from each of the fifty US states. The flowers were hand-painted on every plate, suspending the completion of porcelain until summer 1972, four years into the Nixon administration.
Reagan Services
The Reagan state of China's service is modeled on Woodrow Wilson's porcelain and displaying the stamp of the President of the United States in shimmery gold with an ivory background with a scarlet thread. China was produced in the United States by Lenox, and was chosen by First Lady Nancy Reagan.
The country dinner was so great by Reagan's presidency that no porcelain could accommodate the number of guests. Mother Earth Nancy Reagan ordered 4,370 Lenox gold pieces, enough for 19 to 220. This is almost twice as many places as another service recently. Reagan wanted a design that would feature a strong presence for the fine-colored State Dining Room, now painted white. Nancy Reagan teamed up with Lenox designers to create patterns with the bands in a striking red color, which is her favorite color. The pattern is bordered on each side with gold scratched, which creates a shimmering contrast with soft ivory porcelain. The presidential seal is in an elevated gold in the middle, partially overlaying the red border. On pieces such as serving plates and desserts, a fine gold cross coats the red.
Reagan was often criticized for costing $ 209,508. China is not funded by taxpayers, and is paid by J.P. donations. Knapp Foundation.
Clinton Services
To commemorate the celebration of the two centuries of the White House, Clintons ordered 300 setting 12 places in 2000. Unlike previous services at the Chinese White House, Clinton china included pale yellow and creamy borders, not the lighter primary colors, and the White House image, stamp of the adat president, in the middle. Each section in each of the place settings including different patterns shows the remarkable architectural elements found in the East Room, the State Dining Room, and the Diplomatic Admission Room. It was first used at a dinner event attended by Gerald Ford and Mrs. Ford, Jimmy Carter and Mrs. Carter, George H. W. Bush and Mrs. Bush, and Lady Bird Johnson.
Bush Service
The George W. Bush White House of china country has a golden rim with green basket-weaving patterns and golden hawks that are inspired by history. It was produced by Lenox.
The Bush Bush was introduced on January 7, 2009, two weeks before President George W. Bush left office. Two sets of services were introduced. The larger service is the first complete set since Reagan China in 1982. The larger set, made by Lenox, consists of about 4,500 pieces to fill 320 place settings. First Lady Laura Bush chose a gentle green pattern due to its flexibility and ability to coordinate with interest. This pattern is inspired by the coffee services of President James and Dolley Madison.
The smaller White House Magnolia Building service set, made by Pickard China in Illinois and designed by Anna Weatherley, consists of 75 venue settings and purchased for use in the White House private premises.
Obama Service
The 3.520-piece Obama State State service was introduced on April 27, 2015, the day before it was used for the first time at a April 28 state dinner for Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe. The edges are mostly decorated with textured gold. Inside the rim is a band in "Kailua Blue," a bright blue color inspired by the sea hue in the state of President Barack Obama in Hawaii. The fine inner line of gold completes the decor. Dinner and serving plates are simpler in design. Each dinner plate had a row of simple gold ribbons at its periphery and wide, unadorned buttons and brims at the edges. The relief design was taken from a Chinese royal service purchased by James Madison Foreign Secretary in 1806. The relief element, said Andrew Pickard, Morgan of Pickard China, is unique to China's white house. The service plates have large, textured gold rims, and the presidential emblem with gold in the center.
This service contains 320 settings, and each setting has 11 sections. Each setting also contains (for the first time in China White House service history) an individual tureen. Tureen can be used for soups, small appetizers, or desserts, and reflects a more modern dining style. Pickard workers spend more than a year experimenting with trials, to produce tureen.
In addition to serving dishes, tea cups and dessert dishes all have the President's emblem.
First Lady Michelle Obama assisted in arranging porcelain service patterns by designer Michael S. Smith. Planning began in the fall of 2011, and White House chefs, White House staff, and Pickard China of Illinois consulted on the design. This set is manufactured by Pickard China at a cost of about $ 367,258. The White House Historical Association, a private foundation founded by First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy to purchase furniture and decorative arts and art for the Executive Residence, provides funds for purchases.
Maps White House china
See also
- US State Dinner List
- Walter Scott Lenox
References
General reference
- Abbott James A., and Elaine M. Rice. Designing Camelot: Kennedy White House Restoration. Van Nostrand Reinhold: 1998. ISBNÃ, 0-442-02532-7.
- Garrett, Wendell. Our Changed White House. Northeastern University Press: 1995. ISBNÃ, 1-55553-222-5.
- Klapthor, Margaret Bown. China White House: 1789 to Now. The Barra Foundation and Harry N. Abrams: 1999. ISBNÃ, 0-8109-3993-2.
- Leish, Kenneth. White House. Book Newsweek Division: 1972. ISBNÃ, 0-88225-020-5.
- McKellar, Kenneth, Douglas W. Orr, Edward Martin, et al. Commission Report on Executive Mansion Renovation. Executive Office Renovation Commission, Government Printing Office: 1952.
- Monkman, Betty C. White House: Historic Furniture & amp; Family First. Abbeville Press: 2000. ISBNÃ, 0-7892-0624-2.
- Seale, William. Presidential House. White House Historical Association and National Geographic Society: 1986. ISBN: 0-912308-28-1.
- Seale, William, White House: The History of American Ideas. White House Historical Association: 1992, 2001. ISBN: 0-912308-85-0.
- White House: An Historic Guide. White House Historical Association and National Geographic Society: 2001. ISBN: 0-912308-79-6.
- White House. Two Year First Hundred, ed. by Frank Freidel/William Pencak, Boston 1994.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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