Jewish Commentary on the Bible is a biblical commentary of the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh) from a Jewish perspective. Translations into Aramaic and English, and some universally accepted Jewish comments with notes about their approach methods and modern translations into English with registered records.
Video Jewish commentaries on the Bible
Earliest printing
Complete tanakh in Hebrew, with commentary by Rashi, Radak, Ramban, and Ralbag printed in 1517 by Daniel Bomberg and edited by Felix Pratensis under the name Mikraot Gedolot.
The Tanakh is inherited in the form of a script along with a method of checking the accuracy of a transcription known as a mesorah. Many codices containing the Masoretic Text were collected by Jacob ben Hayyim ibn Adonijah and used to publish accurate texts. It was published by Daniel Bomberg in 1525. Further editions were edited with the help of Elijah Levita. Various editions of Mikraot Gedolot are still in print.
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Translation
Targum
Targum is a biblical translation into Aramaic. The classic Targumim is Targum Onkelos on Chumash (a Torah in the form of prints), Targum Jonathan on Nevi'im (the Prophets), and Targum Yerushalmi separately. There is no standard Aramaic translation from Ketuvim.
Targim Onkelos
Targum Onkelos is the most commonly consulted literal translation of the Bible with some exceptions. Figurative language is not usually translated literally but is explained (eg, Gen. 49:25, Exodus 15: 3, 8, 10, 29:35). Geographical names are often superseded by later ones (eg, Gen. 10:10, Deuteronomy 3:17).
According to the Talmud, the Torah and its translations into Aramaic were given to Moses on Mount Sinai, because Egyptian slaves spoke Aramaic. After the Babylonian exile, the Targum was completely forgotten. Onkelos, a Roman convert to Judaism, was able to reconstruct the original Aramaic language. Saadia Gaon disagreed and said that Aramaic in Onkelos was never an oral language. He believes that Onkelos's Aramaic is an artificial construction, a combination of Eastern and Western dialects of Aramaic. The mayor's comment about Targum Onkelos is "Netinah LaGer" written by Nathan Marcus Adler.
Targum Jonathan
According to scholars, the Jonathan Targum found in Chumash was not written by Jonathan ben Uzziel, who referred to him as the Pseudo-Jonathan Targum. According to Encyclopaedia Judaica internal evidence indicates that it was written sometime between the 7th and 14th centuries. For example, Ismael's wife's name is translated into Aramaic as Fatima (who is Mohammed's daughter) and therefore the Pseudo-Jonathan Targum must be written after Mohammed's birth. The classical Hebrew commentator will reverse this argument, and says that Mohammed's daughter is named after Ishmael's wife. The two sides will agree, but Jonathan's style comment about Chumash is very different from comments on Neviim. Targum Jonathan in Neviim is written in a very short style, similar to Onkelos in Chumash, but on the average Targum Jonathan in Chumash is almost twice as long-winded.
Targum Yerushalmi
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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