Action (firearms)

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In the terminology of a firearm, an action is a mechanism that handles ammunition (load, lock, fire, extract and release) or method used by that mechanism. Weapons loading brooms have action; the action is technically not present on muzzleloaders, as all are single-shot weapons with closed breech.

Actions can be categorized in several ways, including single action versus double action, break action versus bolt action, and others. The term action may also include short, long, and magnum if it refers to the length of the rifle receiver and the length of the bolt. Short action rifles can usually accommodate cartridge lengths of 2.8 inches (71 mm) or smaller. The long rifle can hold 3.34 inches (85 mm) cartridges, and the magnum action rifle can hold a 3.6 inch (91 mm), or longer, cartridge.

Video Action (firearms)

One single shot strike action

Drop block

Dropping blocks is an action in which the breechblock lowers or "falls" to the recipient to open the breech, usually driven by an underlever. There are two main types of dropped blocks: oblique blocks and falling blocks.

Tilting block

In a tilting block or a rotating block action, the breechblock depends on the pin mounted on the back. When the lever is operated, the block tilts downward and forward, showing space. The most famous pivot block designs are Peabody, Peabody-Martini, and Ballard.

The original Peabody rifle, produced by Providence Tool Company, uses a side-hammer that is manually handled. Swiss weapons expert Friedrich Martini develops a spinning block action by modifying Peabody, which combines a hammerless striker cocked by an efficient single-action operation lever that also spins the blocks. 1871 Martini-Henry who replaced the Snider-Enfield "trapdoor" was a standard British Army rifle from the later Victorian era, and Martini was also a popular stunt for civilian rifles.

Charles H. Ballard's self-cocking-blocking act was produced by Marlin Firearms Company from 1875, and gained a superlative reputation among the long-range "Creedmoor" target shooters. Save the Marlin Ballards at this time is highly appreciated by the collectors, especially those installed in the intricate Schaffzen Swiss stocks of the day.

Falling block

A fall-block action (also known as a slide-shear action) is a one-shot shot action in which a solid metal sleeve that rolls vertically across a groove cuts into a weapon's arm and is moved by a lever. Examples of firearms using falling block action are Sharps and Ruger rifles. 1.

Rolling blocks

In a rolling block action, the breechblock takes the form of a cylindrical section, with a pivot pin through its axis. The operator rotates or "scrolls" the block to open and close the breech; this is a simple design, strong and reliable. Rolling blocks are most commonly associated with firearms made by Remington in the later 19th century; in the Remington action the hammer serves to lock the closed breech at the time of firing, and the block in turn prevents the hammer from falling down with the open breech.

Break-action

A break action is a type of firearm in which the barrel (s) is hinged and can be "opened" to expose the breech. The multi-barrel break action firearms are usually divided into over-and-under or side-by-side configurations for two barrel configurations or "gun combinations" when rifle and shotgun barrels are used.

Block hinged

Hinged block is the earliest metal-cartridge shortener designed for general military problems started as a load-barrel gun conversion. The rear of the top of the barrel is filed or milled and replaced with a hinged breechblock that opens upward to allow loading. Internal oblique pin ignition allows reuse of the existing hammer-gun sides. Allin's actions made by Springfield Arsenal in the US are forkling ahead; Snider-Enfield used by the British opened sideways. While the UK quickly replaced the Snider with the Martini Peabody-style action, the US Army felt the trapdoor acts quite adequately and followed its muzzleloader conversion with the new Springfield Model 1873 production, which was India's main power of War and still operates with several units in the Spanish-American War.

Bolt action

Although bolt action is usually associated with fixed or removable box magazines, in fact the first common military breechloader issued was a one-shot bullet: the Prussian Prussian Needle shotgun of 1841. The French retaliated in 1866 with their superior Chassepot rifles, as well as the bolt paper action -cartridges. The first action of metal bullet bolts in general military service was the Type II Ballet introduced by Russia in 1870, the Mauser Model 1871, and the modified Chassepot, the Gras rifle of 1874; all this is a single shot.

Currently, most of the small top-level rifle is a one-shot bolt action.

The action of a single-shot latch in.22 caliber was also widely produced as a cheap "children's arm" at the beginning of the 20th century; and there are several shotgun shotguns, usually in.410 boring.

Rotating-drum action

The rotating-drum action was first seen on M1867 Werndl-Holub and then on the Magnum Research Lone Eagle gun, the breech cover was a rotating drum with the same axis, but balanced from the hole. When locked, the gunner pin is aligned with the primary and the breech is declared to be solid. When played open, the slot in the drum is open for extraction and feeds a new round. Although first used on Werndl-Holub, this action is commonly known as a torn cannon because of its relationship to the French 75mm Model of the 1897 cannon. M1897 France itself, based on William Hubbell US. Patent 149478 .

More actions

Ferguson's Rifle : British Major Patrick Ferguson designed his rifle, regarded as the first military breechloader, in the 1770s. A thread-shaped screw thrust cuts so that turning the handle underneath it will lower and raise it to load with loose ball and powder; the action of flintlock still requires conventional saddle.
Hall Rifle : The first US cavalry pavilion, originally made of stone but later made and converted into percussion in the 1830s-1840s. The breech slopes to receive paper cartridges. Excellent machine-made construction, but still tends to leak into the breech.
The Kammerlader : A crank-operated Norwegian firearm produced around the Prussia Needle-gun period. Originally used paper cartridges. Then many are converted to rimfire; this is the first Norwegian breechloader.
Karabin Tarpley : This is categorized into blocking actions, but the hips breech block is unlike any other.
The Morse Carbine : Most brass actions are somewhat like Hall rifles, except it's designed to take special centerfire cartridges. Very few are actually built and built in the late 1850s.
Joslyn Rifle :
Rising Breech Carbine :

Manual operation

Revolver

A revolver places the cartridge in a rotary cylinder and rotates it according to the cylinder hole (actually a cone cone) before each shot. The most frequent revolvers are pistols, but examples of rifles and rifles and cannons have been made. The cylinder is most often played by trigger and/or hammer manipulation, although some "double action" uses manual trigger tap to rotate cylinder and chicken hammer.

Bolt action

In the bolt-action weapon, the opening and closing of the breech are manually operated by a bolt. Open the breech remove the cartridge while then closed the breech chamber new chapter. The three dominant bolt action systems are the Mauser, Lee-Enfield, and Mosin-Nagant systems.

In Mauser-style swivel action, the bolt handle should be rotated counterclockwise, pulled back, pushed forward, and finally rotated clockwise back to the key. In a straight-pull action, the bolt levers can be cycled without twisting, resulting in a range of motion that is reduced by the shooter from the four movements to two, with the aim of increasing the speed of the rifle. The Ross and Schmidt-Rubin shotguns load through a stripper clip, albeit from unusual cardboard and steel designs in Schmidt-Rubin rifles, while Mannlicher uses an en-block clip. The Schmidt-Rubin series, culminating in the K31, is also known as one of the most accurate military rifles ever made. Yet another variant of the straight tensile bolt action, where the Lee N1895 Navy is an example, is a camming action where pulling a bolt handle causes the bolt to rock, freeing the stud from the receiver and unlocking the bolt.

Action pump

In action of pump action or slide action , the handle called the front end is manually operated by the user to release and play a new round. Action pumps are mostly found in rifles. Examples of firearms using pump action are Remington 870 and Winchester Model 1897.

Lever-action

Lever-action firearms use levers to remove and cartridges space. Examples of firearms that use lever action are Winchester Repeating Rifle and Marlin Model 1894.

Lever release

Lever release is a hybrid repetition action, which uses physical manipulation from the lever to the room cartridge (similar to the firepower lever). However, unlike the action of the lever, the firing lever releases the cartridge independently of the lever, usually through blowback or gas operation.

While the basic principle can be traced back to a self-propagating rifle, such as a single shot of Harrington & amp; Richardson Model 755 rifle, the action has been popularized in the UK by the Southern Gun Company, which produces such rifles in various caliber, due to the disrupted mechanism in accordance with The Firearms (Amendment) Act 1988 which prohibits the ownership of self-loading rifle monrefire.

More actions

Rotary cannon : Gatling gun, M134 Minigun
Chain guns : Hughes Chain Weapons, Chain Pattern Rifles, Treeby Chains Arms
Kalthoff repeaters
Cookson repeater
Belton flintlock
Jennings Magazine Rifle
Meigs Sliding Guard Action Repeater
Repeater reparation
Orvill Robinson model 2: Orvill Robinson, a New York firearms designer, developed two rifles. The first, patented in 1870 and often referred to by collectors as "Model 1" although having no official designation, is a precursor to a straight-pulled action like Mannlicher M1886. The second rifle, designed by Robinson, patented in 1872, was very different, using a double-hinged action folded up from the receiver to lift the spent casing and back down and advance into the new round space. Though fired with a hammer, it can be identified as a manually activated ancestor of the switch action found in firearms such as Luger Parabellum 1908 or Pedersen Rifle.

Krag-Petersson Rifle Although often classified as a one-shot firearm only, one tilted bolt rifle usually falls under the category of recurrent firearms. The, after removing the spin from space, will load the spin from underbarrel magazine to the loading surface of the oblique block, then raise it to the mouth of the space where the user can easily push forward into space. Although this does not meet the "repetition" standard for most modern users, this classification has been used historically.

Remington-Rider Magazine Pistol has a manually activated block rotation action to pull cartridges from tubular magazines mounted under the barrel and simultaneously assemble their weapons. The block is rolled back into the battery, loading the cartridge into the room, with spring pressure while the hammer remains in a tilting position.

Automatic operation

Blowing operation
Blowing operation is a system in which semi-automatic and fully automatic firearms operate through the energy created by combustion in space and bore acting directly on the surface of the bolt through the cartridge. In blowback operations, bolts are not locked in the room, depending only on the spring pressure and inertia of the bolt load to keep the opening not too fast. Blowback operation is used for low-powered cartridges because of the required bolt weights.
The delayed blowback action uses several mechanisms to slow the backward journey of the bolt, allowing this action to handle more powerful ammunition and/or reduce the weight of the bolt.
Blowback operation example

Simple blowback : HalcÃƒÆ'Ã‚Â³n M-1943, Uzi light machine gun, Varan PMX-80

Delayed-delayed blowback : FAMAS, Sterling 7.62, AA-52, 2B-A-40, TKB-517

Reverse roller-delayed : SIG 510, HK MP5, HK P9, HK G3

Gas-pending blowback : Volkssturmgewehr 1-5, HK P7, Steyr GB

Toggle-delayed blowback : Schwarzlose MG M.07/12, Luger Rifle and Pedersen rifle

Blish Lock : Thompson's early light machine gun

Hes unlocked : Remington Pistol Model 51 and R51

backlash pending Chamber-ring : Seecamp gun

Blow-forward operation
The Blow-Forward operation uses a fixed breech and a moving barrel that is forced to advance relative to the breech by projectile friction against the hole as well as a recoiling tear away from the barrel. The spring bar is loaded and returns automatically to the fresh round room of the magazine. Examples of these actions are Steyr Mannlicher M1894, Hino Komuro M1908 Pistol and Schwarzlose Model 1908.
Operation Recoil
Recoil Operation is a type of locked breech action weapon used in fully automatic and semi-automatic weapons. It also uses energy from combustion in the space acting directly on the bolts through the cartridge head, but in this case the firearm has a reciprocating barrel and a breech assembly, combined with a bolt that locks the breech. The breech remains locked as the bolts and barrel move backwards together for a certain distance, allowing pressure in the room to descend to a safe level before the breech is opened.
Examples of recoil operations
Short-recoil

Long-recoil : Browning Auto 5, Femaru STOP Pistol, Mars Auto Pistol, Chauchat
Inertia : some Benelli rifles

Gas Operation

Gas Operations is the operating system used to provide energy to semi-automatic and fully automatic weapons. In gas operations, part of the high pressure gas from the fired cartridge is tapped through the hole in the barrel and diverted to operate the action. There are three basic types: long stroke gas piston (where the gas piston is at the same distance as stroke operation of the action parts, and often attached to the action parts), short stroke gas piston (where the gas piston runs shorter distances from stroke operation of the action parts), and direct impingement (AKA "direct gas", "gas throwing", where there is no piston, and the gas acts directly on the action parts). The fourth type, now considered obsolete and ineffective, is a system based on Bang rifles that utilize the mouthpiece to capture gas after the bullet leaves the barrel. While this system succeeds in increasing the strength of rear-operated rifle operations, it is insufficient and too susceptible to fouling to be used as a primary operating system.

Example of gas operation

Short-stroke gas piston : FN FAL, SAR-87, HK G36
Long-stroke gas piston : M1 Garand, AK-47, FN FNC
Live news : MAS 49, M16, AG-42
Gas trap : Gewehr 41, Bang M1922 Rifle

Maps Action (firearms)

References

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External links

How Small Weapons Work - Training Films on YouTube

Source of the article : Wikipedia

Action (firearms)

Kamis, 14 Juni 2018

Action (firearms)

Video Action (firearms)