Car wash (also written as "carbash ") or automatic washing is a facility used to clean the outside and, in some cases, the interior of the vehicle motorized. Car washes can be self-serving, fully automated, or full service with a vehicle washing officer. This can also be an event in which people pay for their car to be washed by volunteers as a method to raise money for a purpose.
Video Car wash
History
With the convenience of modern automated car wash, it may be difficult to remember that the industry is not always high-tech. Although, other commercial car washes came before then, the first semi-automatic car wash in the United States debuted in 1946, and from there, the industry has grown in size and sophistication.
1946
Beginning of car wash history dates back to 1914. People use force to push or move cars through the stages of the process. Finally, manual car wash operations peaked at 32 drive-through facilities in the United States. Prior to this time, the evolution of car washing was only at the beginning, and that automated car washing was born. The first semi-automatic car washes for the first time in Detroit, Michigan using an automatic pulley system and manual brushing.
1955
Many things happened in 1955 about the history of car wash. An entrepreneur named Dan Hanna was driven by a car washer in Detroit, operated his own material, then finally made his own car wash called Rub-a-Dub in Oregon. In 1957, he formed Hanna Enterprises and eventually reached about 31 car washes in America. In 1959, Hanna operated a laundry rack until she built the first car wash system. As the news spread across the city, so did the business.
1960s
By the mid-1960s, Hanna Enterprises had established itself as a major innovator and manufacturer of car wash equipment and materials. Over time, Hanna has made several machines that will be the first to undertake major requirements for car washes, these include Brush Wrap-Around, Roller-on-demand Roller Conveyor, soft cloth scraping, several ways to wash tires, and water systems recirculation. Thus, Hanna Enterprises has become the largest manufacturer of vehicle wash equipment.
1970s
In the 1970s it was a difficult time for the car wash industry, as a result of the rapidly rising price of gasoline. However, Hanna Enterprises made two other discoveries during this time: automatic cleaning wheel, and cat'n'wax.
1980s
In the early 1980s, the US economy started a period of growth. Car washing industry recovered from a spike in oil prices in the 1970s. Ownership of cars is growing rapidly. In 1985 it was reported that there were 162 million cars in the United States. Car washing industry grew more, car washing grew rapidly in the 1980s. Hanna Enterprises took this time to build many new inventions, and then took them to market. Entrepreneur Magazine gives Hanna Enterprises the world's number 2 and franchise manufacturer. And in 1982, it was # 1. Annual sales had peaked at $ 30 million. In 1989, Hanna Enterprises was ranked # 1 around the world related to tire car wash.
1990s
In 1993, a Texas capital business group thought about merging the two companies together. Hanna Enterprises and Sherman Carwash Company. The two companies later became Hanna-Sherman International Inc. Their main focus is with marketing plans. Hanna first expanded into the Far East (Korea and Thailand), and incorporated other companies covering China, Russia and Eastern Europe. Hanna has also been marketed in Germany, Ireland, Latin America as well as Southeast Asia.
2000s
In 2001, a leading group known as the Northwest Inventors, had acquired Hanna-Sherman International's assets, and later formed Hanna Car Wash Systems International, LLC. As a shareholder of new companies including The Aspen Group (Portland Oregon), and Roy P. Disney, owner of Apogee Company, based in (Burbank, California). The Aspen Group is an investment group formed in 1989, and has contributed to over 200 diverse projects including Warner Bros.. The Channel 32 in Salem Oregon, the Westin Hotel in downtown Portland, also Gregory Loft in Portland's Pearl District. The Apogee Group is a private investment organization owned by Roy P. Disney.
On this date, Hanna Car Wash Systems International has more patents and trademarks than any other conveyor system manufacturer. At the peak of over 30,000 installations in 90 countries, with over 650 million vehicles currently in use worldwide.
Maps Car wash
Category
While there are many types of car washes, most fall into the following categories:
- Hand car wash facility, where the vehicle was washed by employees.
- Self-service facilities, generally operated on coins, where customers launder, including pressurized "jet wash".
- In-bay automatics, consisting of automated washing machines and dryers rolling over stationary vehicles - are often seen in filling stations and stand-alone washers.
- Tunnel washing, which uses conveyors to move the vehicle through a series of fixed cleaning mechanisms.
- Chemical car wash, also known as car wash without water, uses chemicals to wash and polish the surface of the car. Claim to be an environmentally friendly car wash method. Recommended only for cars with light dirt accumulation to avoid paint damage.
- Steam car wash using steam jets and micro fiber towels, some of which include detergent injection. Known originally from South Korea, steam washing has been very popular as an environmentally friendly and environmentally friendly car wash solution in Asia, the Middle East and Europe thanks to its sanitation and mobility features.
- Mobile car wash, often also functions as a phone detailing system, which carries a plastic water tank and uses a pressure washer. Sometimes this system is installed in the trailer, in the truck, or in the van. Generally these operators also have generators to run empty stores, buffers, and other tools as well.
Car-processed cleaners, especially those using brushes, have been avoided by some careful car owners because of the risk of damaging the lid. The end result of paint has increased as well as car wash processes, and the perception of damage to these vehicles is much less common nowadays. However, this perception is the motive behind the emergence of facilities using "brushless" (cloth) and "free touch" (high pressure water) equipment, as well as modern "foam" washers made of closed cell foam.
In today's modern car wash facility, whether tunnels, in-bay or self-serve, soap and other cleaning solutions are used designed to loosen and remove dirt and grime. This is in contrast to previous times, when hydrofluoric acid, a hazardous chemical, is commonly used as an industrial cleaning agent by some operators. There has been a strong move in the industry to move to a safer cleaning solution. Most car wash facilities are required by law to treat and/or reuse their water and may be required to maintain a waste disposal permit, in contrast to unregulated facilities or even car wash (in a person's home), where the wastewater may end. in a storm sewer and, finally, in rivers, rivers, and lakes.
Car laundry self
A simple and automated car wash type usually operated with coin-operated coins or self-service systems. Newer self-service car leases offer the ability to pay by credit card or loyalty card. The vehicle was parked inside a large enclosed bay equipped with a trigger gun and a rod (high pressure spray) and scrubbing brushes. When a customer enters a coin or token into the controller, they can choose options such as soap, tire cleaners, wax or clear rinse water, all removed from the sprayer, or rub the vehicle with a foam brush. The number of inserted tokens or tokens determines the amount of time a customer has to operate the equipment; in most cases, the minimum number of coins required to start the equipment. The facility is often equipped with a separate vacuum station that allows customers to clean upholstery and carpet in their car. Some self-service laundry carries hand dryers, a rather new feature.
Automatic car wash
Conveyorized/Tunnel Car Wash
Automatic car washing conveyors first appeared in the late 1930s. Automated Conveyorized Automation consists of a tunnel-like building in which the customer (or helper) drives.
Some car washings make their customers pay via computer POS , or unit sales, also known as "automatic checkout", which can replace the human cashier. The input mechanisms wash the PLU to the master computer or tunnel control automatically. When auto sales, after paying the car put in a line-up called a pile or queue. The pile moves in sequence, so the wash knows what each car buys. After pulling into the tunnel entrance, an officer usually guides the customer to the conveyor. In some washes, the system will send the correct number of rollers automatically, based on the tire sensor. The tire sensor allows washing to know where the wheels are and how far apart they are. On other systems, employees can guide customers and press the 'Send Car' button on the tunnel controller, to manually send a roller that pushes the car through.
Before entering the automatic washing tunnel section, the officer can start the customer's car. This process can consist of a variety of manual cleaning procedures, including applying a special cleaning agent for various parts of the car, performing manual high pressure (may focus on areas that are not adequately cleaned in the tunnel), and using a manual brush to rub the area of ​​difficulty cleaning. Manual prewashing may be wider if the vehicle has mud or if the customer buys an upgrade.
When the customer is in the conveyor, the officer (or sign) will instruct the customer to put the vehicle to neutral, disconnect all brakes, and refrain from the wheel. Failure to do so may cause an accident on the conveyor. The rollers appear behind the tires, pushing the car through a photogate, which measures the length of the vehicle, allowing the controller to adjust the wash to each vehicle. Some car washings can also use the ultrasonic profile system to determine the height or width of the vehicle, or to detect where the pickup truck is open. The frame of the equipment, or the arch, varies in number and type.
Car washes will usually start cleaning with chemicals called presoaks that are applied through special curves. These arches often use nozzles that are positioned to spray chemicals in a two-way pattern. In many cases, the presoak arch is designed for the presoak foam prior to its application to the car. They may apply a higher pH (mild alkali) followed by a lower pH (mild acid), or the sequence may be reversed depending on the preference of the car wash operator. Formulas and chemical concentrations may also vary based on seasonal feces and films on the vehicle, as well as exterior temperatures, and other factors. Dilution and chemical applications work in combination with exhaust systems based on either high water pressure, friction, or a combination of both. Chemical substances, while they are industrial forces, are not used in dangerous concentrations because car washes are designed not to damage the components or the completion of the vehicle. One or more sets of CTAs, or "tire chemistry applicators," are often found near the presoak arch. It will apply a special formulation, which removes brake dust and builds from the surface of the wheels and tires. In many cases, CTA will only be active if the customer has purchased a wheel cleanup upgrade. Special presoaks can be applied if the customer buys an upgrade. Extra presoaks are usually applied through "lava" or "sheet" -style foam to provide more performances for customers.
After the presoak application, the car wash tunnel layout can vary greatly. In some car washes, the presoak app is followed by an empty space, or a silent zone. This gives the presoak time to loosen the dirt in the car. In many cases, wheel cleaning equipment, such as a sill brush or high pressure wheel blinder, is placed in a stationary zone. Sill brush (also known as a wheel brush or a tire brush) consists of an 8-foot-long brush assembly that is pushed toward the car's wheels and doorway area. Sill brush usually uses marked feathers, because the dirt is usually concentrated mostly at the bottom of the car. The material on the bracket threshold may have alternating lengths or use material intentionally mounted outside the center to allow the wheel surface of varying depths to be cleaned. Sill brush relies on customer's car wheel rotation to achieve complete wheel contact. Similar to CTA, wheel brushes are often only active when the customer buys a wheel cleanup upgrade. Some car washings use a wheel-rim disc brush on the side or on the sill brush. This assembly extends toward the wheel and follows it at the same speed as the conveyor while spinning at high speed to clean the wheel. This device is popular in car washes that use belt conveyors, as belt conveyors prevent rotating customer's car wheels and thus making a sill brush is useless for wheel cleaning. Some car washes feature several sets of wheel brushes and offer several levels of wheel cleaning. Tracking the high pressure wheel blisters consists of assemblies with several nozzles that follow the car's wheels from a distance. When following the wheel of the car, the blaster wheel directs the high pressure water to the wheels. The following movements can be achieved by installing the nozzle to face the wheel or installing the nozzle on the side of the car at the same speed as the conveyor. At the end of the car wash presoak zone is often a high-pressure curve. High pressure curved high pressure water directly on the surface of the vehicle. This can be a "V-jet" nozzle, rotating "turbo" nozzles, rotating manifolds, and oscillating and/or rotating manifolds. Some high pressure systems keep a constant distance from the vehicle to deliver more consistent results. High pressure, wheels, and/or separate side blasters may be in place or additionally for high-pressure curvature.
Following the zone of silence and/or high pressure curvature (if any) is a friction zone. In the friction zone, various brushes are used to clean all the surfaces of the vehicle. Wrap-brush (wrap) clean the front, side, and rear of the car. A set of wraps consists of two offset brushes attached to the upper arm which are generally mounted above the center of the tunnel. Some wrap-around brush designs use side-mounted arms to improve front and rear contact time brushes. Wraps usually rotate with the direction of the vehicle journey. Some wrapping brushes can be switched while cleaning the front of the car to prevent the customer's license plate from being bent. Wraps are equipped with side brushes (ranging from 18 inches [45 cm] up to [160 cm] or higher). The side brush can be mounted up or down. To save space, side brushes are often staggered in the space occupied by a set of wrappers or placed under top surface cleaning components, such as a top brush or stirrer. The side brush rotates against the vehicle's travel direction to increase the cleaning power. The top brush is a rotating brush assembly that cleans the top surface of the vehicle. The top brush can face the entrance or exit of the tunnel to help clean the front or rear of the car. Some special brushes are designed to achieve more contact time with the front or rear of the vehicle. To prevent damage, the top brush can be programmed to be pulled back if the ultrasonic pickup truck detection system detects pickup trucks with open beds. In many car washes, the top brush is added or replaced by a flavoring apparatus. Mitter is a component such as a tape that suspends a strip of fabric or sheet over a tunnel while utilizing motion to increase friction against the surface of the car. Mitter motion can be from front to back, from side to side, rotating, circular, or diagonal. Friction zone can also include a special front grille and rear brush. Brush the front grille to clean the front, and in many cases, the sides of the vehicle. They often appear as a side washers with very long arms and curved. Instead of arms bent, some front grill brushes use a jointed arm. Like a standard side dishwasher, the grill brush can be pushed up or down. The back brush appears as a special high side dishwasher with long sleeves facing the tunnel entrance. After the car mirror passes through the back brush, the brush makes contact with the side of the vehicle, where it then continues to be involved until the assembly cleanses the back of the car. Additional high-pressure components may also be present in the main friction zone. Older automatic washing - most of which was built before 1980 - is used to use a soft nylon bristle brush, which tends to leave the nylon deposit in the form of a feather, called the brush mark, on the vehicle paint. Many newer washings use soft fabrics (which are harmless to the end result of a car, provided they are rinsed with plenty of water to remove sand from the previous washers) or a closed-cell foam brush, which has no impurities or water, thus far less likely to injure painted layers. The closed cell foam brush can, in fact, provide a soft polishing effect that will illuminate the vehicle surface during washing.
After the main friction zone, some car washes have a special care zone. Before entering the maintenance zone, the car is rinsed with fresh water. This was soon followed by a series of additional services. In many car washes, the first of these services is wax polish. Polish wax fills microscopic imperfections in the apparent coat of the vehicle, thus increasing the luster. Once the wax polish application is usually a retractable mitter or top brush and, in some cases, side brushes or wrap-around brushes. Next is the protector, which creates a thin protective layer over the surface of the vehicle. Protectors generally refuse water, which helps dry the car and helps the driver's ability to see through their windshield during rain. Low-end candles or clear layer protectors follow the main protector. Dryers are usually applied at the end of the tunnel to help remove water from the surface of the vehicle prior to forced air drying. After the drying agent, there may be a "spot free" soft water rinse, which has been filtered from the usual salt, and sent through a semi-permeable membrane to produce highly purified water that will not leave a stain.
Drying is carried out by means of a dryer, and, in most cases, stirrer, side brush, top brush, and/or coil equipped with a special drying material. Dryers can be present in various forms, such as stationary gantry with contouring roof jets or as small circular assemblies with various shape and size nozzles mounted on the arch. Similar to other tunnel layouts, the configuration and type of dryer vary according to operator preferences. Stirrer, side brush, top brush, and/or washcloth equipped with chamois or microfiber-based material may follow the dryer. In many cases, this additional drying component is recalled if the customer does not purchase the upgrade. Under dryers or textile drying elements are often tire glow applicators (also referred to as tire shiners). Ban shiners usually appear as box-like assemblies with guide rails on the side of their entrance and a brush or sponge pad on the side closest to the vehicle. When active, the tire shiner extends toward the vehicle and applies a water-based or silicone shine tire to the brush, which then applies the product to the tire. Ban shiners are generally activated only if customers buy upgrades.
In "full service" car washes, the exterior of the car is mechanically washed with conveyor equipment, by hand, or using a combination of both, with personnel available to manually dry the car, and clean the inside (usually consisting of cleaning windows, wiping the front and sideways, and vacuuming the carpets and upholstery). Many full-service car washes also provide "details" services, which may include polishing and exterior coating of the car by hand or machine, steaming and steaming interior, and other services to provide complete cleaning and protection of the car.
Unwanted leaching
To avoid paint marking, touchless touchwashes (aka "without touch" or "no touch") were developed as an alternative to automated car wash using a brush. During the friction zone of the conveyor/tunnel car wash, the non-sticky car brush forgives the brush and uses high water pressure plus chemicals to clean the vehicle which minimizes the possibility of surface damage to the vehicle. There are five main factors to clean the vehicle successfully using a touchless system. The five factors are water quality, water temperature, chemical, time, and water pressure generated by the equipment. If all these factors are set up properly, the vehicle will come out clean and shiny without the possibility of damage to the vehicle caused by the brush.
Bikini car wash
Bicycle car wash is usually a summer event that is a fundraiser for schools, sports associations (such as roller derbies or auto racing), or youth organizations or other charities. Usually, women in bikinis bring donuts by standing on the sidewalk with signboards or colorful cardboard posters, and the cars are washed by their classmates in the nearest parking lot. Depending on the organization responsible, as well as local laws, variations of bikini car washes sometimes occur, where women will wash topless cars, usually at an additional cost. There is also a commercial bikini car washes, where women wearing bikinis really wash cars with pay and entertainment by drivers. Restaurant hooters usually have a bikini car wash in the summer to attract customers.
Environmental factors
The main environmental considerations for car washing are:
- Use of water and energy resources;
- Water surface contamination;
- Ground and groundwater contamination.
The use of water and energy supplies is self-evident, since car washes are the users of those resources. Professional car wash industry has made great strides in reducing its environmental footprint, a trend that will continue to accelerate due to consumer regulation and demand. Many car washes already use the water reclamation system to significantly reduce water use and various energy reduction technologies. This system may be required if there are water restrictions. In Europe, Germany leads the way and has very strict regulations so it is illegal to wash your car on the road or in your driveway.
Surface water contamination may arise from flushing the rinses to the storm ducts, which eventually flow into rivers and lakes. The main pollutants in washing water such as phosphate; oil and fat; and lead. This is almost exclusively a problem to wash the house/street, and the parking lot wash the charity style. Professional car wash is a "non-dot source" of discharge that has the ability to capture these contaminants, usually in the interceptor channel, so that contaminants can be removed before water enters the sanitary system. (Water and contaminants entering storm waterways do not undergo maintenance, and are released directly to rivers, lakes, and rivers.)
Soil pollution is sometimes associated with such surface runoff, but more importantly it is related to soil contamination from underground fuel tanks or automatic service operations which generally constitute additional use of car wash - but not a problem for car wash itself.
For this reason, several state and local environmental groups (most notably the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection) have embarked on a campaign to encourage consumers to use professional car washes as opposed to road washers, including charity car-washing fundraising that moves from the parking lot to professional car wash.
See also
- Car cost
- Auto detail
- Jetwash (Wiktionary entry)
References
External links
- International Car Wash Association
- Canadian Car Wash Association
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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